同轴磁(ci)控管和(he)机械可调脉冲同轴磁(ci)控管，采用强(qiang)迫风冷，具有调谐方(fang)便(bian)，频率稳定(ding)性(xing)好，效(xiao)率高等(deng)优点，用于雷(lei)达(da)发射机中(zhong)作(zuo)微(wei)波功率振荡源。
行(xing)(xing)波(bo)(bo)管是靠连续调制电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)注(zhu)的(de)速度来(lai)实现(xian)放(fang)(fang)大功能(neng)(neng)的(de)微(wei)(wei)波(bo)(bo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)管。在行(xing)(xing)波(bo)(bo)管中，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)注(zhu)同慢(man)波(bo)(bo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中行(xing)(xing)进(jin)(jin)的(de)微(wei)(wei)波(bo)(bo)场发生相互作用(yong)(yong)，在长达6～40个波(bo)(bo)长的(de)慢(man)波(bo)(bo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)注(zhu)连续不断地把动能(neng)(neng)交给微(wei)(wei)波(bo)(bo)信号(hao)(hao)场，从而使(shi)信号(hao)(hao)得(de)到放(fang)(fang)大。行(xing)(xing)波(bo)(bo)管让电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)穿过一个长慢(man)波(bo)(bo)结构。由于作用(yong)(yong)时间(jian)长，增益很(hen)高，同时没有(you)谐(xie)振腔，工作带(dai)宽大大增加。行(xing)(xing)波(bo)(bo)管（TWT）的(de)功用(yong)(yong)在于将微(wei)(wei)波(bo)(bo)讯号(hao)(hao)放(fang)(fang)大。待放(fang)(fang)大的(de)微(wei)(wei)波(bo)(bo)信号(hao)(hao)经输入能(neng)(neng)量耦合器进(jin)(jin)入慢(man)波(bo)(bo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路、并(bing)沿慢(man)波(bo)(bo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路行(xing)(xing)进(jin)(jin)。电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)与行(xing)(xing)进(jin)(jin)的(de)微(wei)(wei)波(bo)(bo)场进(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)量交换、使(shi)微(wei)(wei)波(bo)(bo)信号(hao)(hao)得(de)到放(fang)(fang)大。
前向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)放(fang)(fang)(fang)大(da)管(guan)主(zhu)要用于行(xing)波(bo)(bo)管(guan)+前向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)放(fang)(fang)(fang)大(da)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)(fang)大(da)链(lian)发(fa)射(she)机(ji)体制的(de)(de)(de)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)达(da)中，随着国外固态+前向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)放(fang)(fang)(fang)大(da)管(guan)放(fang)(fang)(fang)大(da)链(lian)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)达(da)的(de)(de)(de)成功应用及表现出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)优越(yue)性(xing)能，装备这种(zhong)发(fa)射(she)机(ji)体制的(de)(de)(de)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)达(da)，将是(shi)未来的(de)(de)(de)我国地面和(he)舰载高性(xing)能雷(lei)(lei)(lei)达(da)的(de)(de)(de)很好选(xuan)择。S波(bo)(bo)段高增(zeng)益大(da)工(gong)作比前向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)放(fang)(fang)(fang)大(da)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)研制，目的(de)(de)(de)就是(shi)探讨(tao)和(he)研究固态放(fang)(fang)(fang)大(da)器(qi)+前向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)放(fang)(fang)(fang)大(da)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)(fang)大(da)链(lian)在雷(lei)(lei)(lei)达(da)发(fa)射(she)机(ji)的(de)(de)(de)应用，S波(bo)(bo)段高增(zeng)益大(da)工(gong)作比前向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)放(fang)(fang)(fang)大(da)管(guan)研制成功将推(tui)动这种(zhong)体制雷(lei)(lei)(lei)达(da)的(de)(de)(de)应用成为现实(shi)。
管内(nei)(nei)充(chong)有气(qi)(qi)体(ti)或蒸气(qi)(qi)的(de)电(dian)子(zi)管，又名离子(zi)管。在充(chong)气(qi)(qi)管内(nei)(nei),电(dian)子(zi)在电(dian)极间(jian)运动时与气(qi)(qi)体(ti)原子(zi)和分(fen)子(zi)碰(peng)撞(zhuang),产(chan)生电(dian)离现(xian)象(xiang)，运动较慢的(de)正离子(zi)抵消电(dian)子(zi)的(de)负空(kong)间(jian)电(dian)荷作用(yong)，使管子(zi)具(ju)有电(dian)流大、内(nei)(nei)阻低的(de)特(te)点。充(chong)气(qi)(qi)管内(nei)(nei)的(de)放电(dian)形式取决于管子(zi)结构(gou)、气(qi)(qi)体(ti)种类、气(qi)(qi)压和外电(dian)路(lu)参(can)量(liang)。人们利用(yong)各(ge)种放电(dian)形式的(de)不同特(te)性制出一系列不同性能的(de)充(chong)气(qi)(qi)管。
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